The Cisco BGP switch must be configured to use its loopback address as the source address for iBGP peering sessions.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-221032	CISC-RT-000580	SV-221032r622190_rule		Low

Description
Using a loopback address as the source address offers a multitude of uses for security, access, management, and scalability of the BGP switches. It is easier to construct appropriate ingress filters for switch management plane traffic destined to the network management subnet since the source addresses will be from the range used for loopback interfaces instead of a larger range of addresses used for physical interfaces. Log information recorded by authentication and syslog servers will record the switch’s loopback address instead of the numerous physical interface addresses. When the loopback address is used as the source for eBGP peering, the BGP session will be harder to hijack since the source address to be used is not known globally, making it more difficult for a hacker to spoof an eBGP neighbor. By using traceroute, a hacker can easily determine the addresses for an eBGP speaker when the IP address of an external interface is used as the source address. The switches within the iBGP domain should also use loopback addresses as the source address when establishing BGP sessions.

Description

Using a loopback address as the source address offers a multitude of uses for security, access, management, and scalability of the BGP switches. It is easier to construct appropriate ingress filters for switch management plane traffic destined to the network management subnet since the source addresses will be from the range used for loopback interfaces instead of a larger range of addresses used for physical interfaces. Log information recorded by authentication and syslog servers will record the switch’s loopback address instead of the numerous physical interface addresses. When the loopback address is used as the source for eBGP peering, the BGP session will be harder to hijack since the source address to be used is not known globally, making it more difficult for a hacker to spoof an eBGP neighbor. By using traceroute, a hacker can easily determine the addresses for an eBGP speaker when the IP address of an external interface is used as the source address. The switches within the iBGP domain should also use loopback addresses as the source address when establishing BGP sessions.

STIG	Date
Cisco IOS-XE Switch RTR Security Technical Implementation Guide	2022-09-13

Details

Check Text ( C-22747r408890_chk )
Step 1: Review the switch configuration to verify that a loopback address has been configured. interface Loopback0 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 Step 2: Verify that the loopback interface is used as the source address for all iBGP sessions. router bgp xx no synchronization no bgp enforce-first-as bgp log-neighbor-changes redistribute static neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as xx neighbor 10.1.1.1 password xxxxxxxx neighbor 10.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0 If the switch does not use its loopback address as the source address for all iBGP sessions, this is a finding.

Check Text ( C-22747r408890_chk )

Step 1: Review the switch configuration to verify that a loopback address has been configured.

interface Loopback0
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

Step 2: Verify that the loopback interface is used as the source address for all iBGP sessions.

router bgp xx
no synchronization
no bgp enforce-first-as
bgp log-neighbor-changes
redistribute static
neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as xx
neighbor 10.1.1.1 password xxxxxxxx
neighbor 10.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0

If the switch does not use its loopback address as the source address for all iBGP sessions, this is a finding.

Fix Text (F-22736r408891_fix)
Configure the switch to use its loopback address as the source address for all iBGP peering. SW1(config)#router bgp xx SW1(config-switch)#neighbor 10.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0